Ames G, Delaney W, Janes C
Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, California 94704.
Br J Addict. 1992 Jul;87(7):1055-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb03124.x.
Based on a case study of an assembly plant in a large US corporation, this paper reports on cultural and environmental influences on the form and process of workplace alcohol policy. Utilizing both ethnographic and survey methods, research findings indicate that although alcohol policies are in place, management and union leaders are unclear about their source and content, and the general employee population perceives alcohol availability and on-job drinking as poorly controlled. In grounded theory fashion, two conceptual themes are employed for organizing empirical explanations of the weakened policy and under-controlled drinking. These are: (1) the dual alcohol policy dilemma, and (2) the union-management debate over authority to discipline. The ambivalent nature of alcohol policy and organizational mechanisms involved in its implementation become risk factors for developing workplace-related alcohol problems.
基于对一家美国大公司装配厂的案例研究，本文报告了文化和环境对工作场所酒精政策的形式和实施过程的影响。运用人种志和调查方法，研究结果表明，尽管有酒精政策，但管理层和工会领袖对其来源和内容并不清楚，普通员工群体认为酒精的可得性和工作场所饮酒现象控制不力。以扎根理论的方式，采用两个概念主题来组织对政策弱化和饮酒控制不足的实证解释。这两个主题是：（1）双重酒精政策困境，以及（2）工会与管理层关于纪律处分权的争论。酒精政策的矛盾性质及其实施过程中涉及的组织机制成为引发与工作场所相关酒精问题的风险因素。
