West M, Keller A, Links P, Patrick J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta.
Can J Psychiatry. 1993 Feb;38 Suppl 1:S16-22.
In this paper, the authors investigate the theoretical and empirical association between dysfunctions of the attachment system and borderline personality disorder. Attachment theory focuses on the maintenance of a sense of safety and security through a close personal relationship with a particular person. Based on a biological behavioural system, functional attachment relationships in adulthood rely on experiences and expectations of security within the relationship. These issues are also important to the definition and dynamics of borderline personality disorder. The dimensions and patterns of reciprocal attachment were compared with other scales measuring components of psychopathology and interpersonal relationships. In a sample of 85 female outpatients, only four of the attachment scales--feared loss, secure base, compulsive care-seeking and angry withdrawal--identified patients with high scores on a measure of borderline disorder. Of these four scales, feared loss had the predominant effect. These empirical results support the hypothesized relationship between dysfunctions of the attachment system and borderline disorder.
在本文中，作者研究了依恋系统功能障碍与边缘型人格障碍之间的理论及实证关联。依恋理论侧重于通过与特定个体建立亲密的人际关系来维持安全感。基于一种生物行为系统，成年期的功能性依恋关系依赖于关系中的安全感体验和期望。这些问题对于边缘型人格障碍的定义和动态变化也很重要。将相互依恋的维度和模式与测量精神病理学和人际关系组成部分的其他量表进行了比较。在85名女性门诊患者的样本中，只有四个依恋量表——害怕失去、安全基地、强迫性寻求照顾和愤怒退缩——识别出在边缘型障碍测量中得分较高的患者。在这四个量表中，害怕失去的影响最为显著。这些实证结果支持了依恋系统功能障碍与边缘型障碍之间的假设关系。
