Crick Nicki R, Murray-Close Dianna, Woods Kathleen
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Institute of Child Development, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2005 Fall;17(4):1051-70.
Borderline personality disorder is a particularly devastating, yet understudied form of psychopathology. One of the most significant gaps in existing knowledge is the lack of systematic, prospective empirical attention to the developmental precursors of borderline personality. The present investigation was an exploratory attempt to address this limitation through (a) development of a psychometrically sound self-report instrument that assesses borderline personality features in childhood, the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C); (b) examination of the stability of BPF in childhood; (c) evaluation of gender differences in BPF in childhood; and (d) evaluation of the specificity of the BPFS-C for assessing borderline personality features. These goals were achieved through the prospective study of a normative sample of 400 (54% female) fourth though sixth graders who were assessed during the Fall of Year 1, Spring of Year 1, and Fall of Year 2. The use of linear mixed modeling techniques provided evidence for the construct validity of the BPFS-C. Further, borderline personality features as assessed with the BPFS-C were found to be moderately stable over the course of the study, with girls reporting higher levels of BPF than boys. Results also demonstrated that children's scores on the BPFS-C were uniquely related to indicators of borderline personality pathology above and beyond their scores on the Children's Depression Inventory. The implications of these results for the study of the development and etiology of borderline pathology are discussed.
边缘型人格障碍是一种特别具有破坏性但研究不足的精神病理学形式。现有知识中最显著的差距之一是缺乏对边缘型人格发展先兆的系统、前瞻性实证关注。本研究是一次探索性尝试，旨在通过以下方式解决这一局限性：(a) 开发一种心理测量学上合理的自我报告工具，即儿童边缘型人格特征量表（BPFS-C），用于评估儿童期的边缘型人格特征；(b) 考察儿童期BPF的稳定性；(c) 评估儿童期BPF的性别差异；(d) 评估BPFS-C在评估边缘型人格特征方面的特异性。这些目标是通过对400名（54%为女性）四至六年级学生的规范样本进行前瞻性研究实现的，这些学生在第1年秋季、第1年春季和第2年秋季接受了评估。线性混合建模技术的使用为BPFS-C的结构效度提供了证据。此外，研究发现，用BPFS-C评估的边缘型人格特征在研究过程中具有中等稳定性，女孩报告的BPF水平高于男孩。结果还表明，儿童在BPFS-C上的得分与边缘型人格病理学指标有独特的关联，超出了他们在儿童抑郁量表上的得分。本文讨论了这些结果对边缘型病理学发展和病因学研究的意义。
