Wolde-Gebriel Z, Demeke T, West C E, van der Haar F
Ethiopian Nutrition Institute, Addis Ababa.
Br J Nutr. 1993 Jan;69(1):257-68. doi: 10.1079/bjn19930027.
A stratified goitre survey was conducted on 35,635 schoolchildren and 19,158 household members in all Regions of Ethiopia except Eritrea and Tigrai. The gross goitre prevalence (mean of male and female values) among schoolchildren and household members was 30.6 and 18.7% respectively, while that of visible goitre was 1.6 and 3.2% respectively. Prevalence was higher in females (27.3% in household members and 36.1% in schoolchildren) than in males (10.1% in household members and 25.1% in schoolchildren) and increased with age more in females than in males. The prevalence rates at higher altitudes were higher than those at lower altitudes in both schoolchildren and household members. Using an epidemiological model the consequences of iodine deficiency, including cretinism and maternal wastage, have been estimated.
在除厄立特里亚和提格雷之外的埃塞俄比亚所有地区，对35635名学童和19158名家庭成员进行了分层甲状腺肿调查。学童和家庭成员中甲状腺肿总患病率（男性和女性值的平均值）分别为30.6%和18.7%，而可见甲状腺肿的患病率分别为1.6%和3.2%。女性患病率（家庭成员中为27.3%，学童中为36.1%）高于男性（家庭成员中为10.1%，学童中为25.1%），且女性患病率随年龄增长的幅度大于男性。在学童和家庭成员中，高海拔地区的患病率均高于低海拔地区。利用一种流行病学模型对碘缺乏的后果，包括克汀病和孕产妇损耗进行了估计。
