Russo M A, van Rossum G D, Galeotti T
J Membr Biol. 1977 Mar 8;31(3):267-99. doi: 10.1007/BF01869409.
Liver slices incubated at 1 degree C underwent swelling of both cellular and intercellular compartments, as judged by electronmicroscopy. The ultrastructure showed marked changes, including disorganization of the cytocavitary network and plasma membrane and alterations of mitochondria. Restoration of metabolically favorable conditions (oxygenated medium at 38 degrees C) caused a nearly complete recovery of ultrastructure closely associated with extrusion of water; measurements of inulin space and electronmicroscopy both indicate a recovery of cell volume, with intercellular spaces remaining somewhat expended. The fluid lost was a roughly isotonic solution of Na+ and Cl-, while K+ was reaccumulated in exchange for Na+. Cyanide prevented recovery. Ouabain and oligomycin each partially prevented fluid extrusion, but had little effect on ultrastructural recovery except to induce intracellular vesicles containing particles of thorium dioxide derived from sinusoidal spaces. The vesicles were, however, markedly different in form with each inhibitor. There are, thus ouabain-sensitive and insensitive components of volume regulation; the former appears to depend on the coupled transport of Na+ and K+ and the latter, we suggest, on a secretion of Na+ and Cl- into vesicles which release their contents into the bile canaliculi by an oligomycin-sensitive mechanism. Mitochondria showed conformational changes between orthodox and condensed forms, but these could not be directly related to tissue energy states; the numbers of mitochondrial dense granules bore a closer relation to tissue ATP.
通过电子显微镜判断，在1摄氏度下孵育的肝切片细胞内和细胞间隙均出现肿胀。超微结构显示出明显变化，包括细胞腔网络和质膜紊乱以及线粒体改变。恢复代谢有利条件（38摄氏度的含氧培养基）导致超微结构几乎完全恢复，这与水的排出密切相关；菊粉空间测量和电子显微镜观察均表明细胞体积恢复，细胞间隙仍有一定程度的扩张。丢失的液体是Na⁺和Cl⁻的大致等渗溶液，而K⁺则重新积累以交换Na⁺。氰化物阻止恢复。哇巴因和寡霉素各自部分阻止液体排出，但除了诱导含有源自窦状隙的二氧化钍颗粒的细胞内囊泡外，对超微结构恢复影响不大。然而，每种抑制剂导致的囊泡形态明显不同。因此，体积调节存在对哇巴因敏感和不敏感的成分；前者似乎依赖于Na⁺和K⁺的协同转运，而我们认为后者依赖于Na⁺和Cl⁻分泌到囊泡中，这些囊泡通过一种对寡霉素敏感的机制将其内容物释放到胆小管中。线粒体显示出正统和浓缩形式之间的构象变化，但这些变化与组织能量状态没有直接关系；线粒体致密颗粒的数量与组织ATP的关系更为密切。
