Vande Waa E A, Foster L A, DeRuiter J, Guderian R H, Williams J F, Geary T G
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
J Parasitol. 1993 Apr;79(2):173-80.
The survival in culture of adult female Brugia pahangi, Acanthocheilonema viteae, and Onchocerca volvulus and adult male Onchocerca gibsoni was assessed by measuring parasite motility. Survival of all species was maximal in a nutritionally complex medium (RPMI-1640). All species survived for up to 48 hr in a simpler medium in which the only energy source was 10 mM glutamine; motility in this medium was dependent upon pH. For the species of Onchocerca, motility was maintained better in the presence of glutamine as the sole energy source than in glucose-only medium. Motility of B. pahangi incubated in 10 mM succinate was equivalent to that seen with 10 mM glutamine, but no other tricarboxylic acid intermediate supported this parasite in vitro. Antimycin A (1 microM) and potassium cyanide (KCN, 100 microM) paralyzed B. pahangi incubated in 10 mM glutamine, an effect antagonized by glucose. KCN at 10 or 100 microM was effective also against Onchocerca gutturosa in glutamine-only medium. Several glutamine antimetabolites reduced motility of B. pahangi by 72 hr. This inhibition was prevented by 2 mM glutamine. However, the inhibition of motility in the species of Onchocerca caused by these compounds was attenuated only partially by glutamine. These data demonstrate that, under certain conditions, filarial nematodes can utilize non-sugar substrates as energy sources. The differential sensitivity seen among these organisms to mitochondrial toxins and glutamine antimetabolites may be related to the extent to which they can use these alternative substrates to generate energy.
通过测量寄生虫的活力，评估了成年雌性彭亨布鲁线虫、旋盘尾丝虫和盘尾丝虫以及成年雄性吉氏盘尾丝虫在培养中的存活情况。所有物种在营养复杂的培养基（RPMI-1640）中的存活率最高。在一种更简单的培养基中，所有物种都能存活长达48小时，其中唯一的能量来源是10 mM谷氨酰胺；该培养基中的活力取决于pH值。对于盘尾丝虫属的物种，以谷氨酰胺作为唯一能量来源时，其活力比仅含葡萄糖的培养基中维持得更好。在10 mM琥珀酸盐中孵育的彭亨布鲁线虫的活力与在10 mM谷氨酰胺中观察到的相当，但没有其他三羧酸中间体在体外支持这种寄生虫。抗霉素A（1 microM）和氰化钾（KCN，100 microM）使在10 mM谷氨酰胺中孵育的彭亨布鲁线虫麻痹，葡萄糖可拮抗这种作用。10或100 microM的KCN对仅含谷氨酰胺培养基中的喉盘尾丝虫也有效。几种谷氨酰胺抗代谢物在72小时内降低了彭亨布鲁线虫的活力。2 mM谷氨酰胺可防止这种抑制作用。然而，这些化合物对盘尾丝虫属物种活力的抑制仅部分被谷氨酰胺减弱。这些数据表明，在某些条件下，丝虫线虫可以利用非糖类底物作为能量来源。这些生物体对线粒体毒素和谷氨酰胺抗代谢物的不同敏感性可能与它们利用这些替代底物产生能量的程度有关。
