Satti M Z, VandeWaa E A, Bennett J L, Williams J F, Conder G A, McCall J W
NIH/Sudan Laboratory, Alamarat.
Trop Med Parasitol. 1988 Dec;39 Suppl 4:480-3.
The effects of standard anthelmintics on the motor activity in vitro of adult Onchocerca gutturosa, Brugia pahangi and Acanthocheilonema viteae were determined using a micromotility meter. Fresh adult males dissected from bovine tissues were the best source for observations on O. gutturosa. Parasites liber-ated by collagenase digestion showed poor viability and motility. Only segments of O. gutturosa females were obtainable by dissection and these were not able to sustain motility in vitro. Adult males and females of O. volvulus were active after collagenase digestion of human nodular tissue, but behaved so irregularly that satisfactory monitoring of their movements with the meter was not possible on a regular enough basis to permit quantitation of drug-induced changes. Inhibitory effects on motility of O. gutturosa, B. pahangi and A. viteae were produced by anthelmintics which showed macrofilaricidal effects in vivo in a laboratory rodent model, with the exception of the benzimidazoles. O. gutturosa was, however, much more sensitive than B. pahangi or A. viteae to the temporary paralyzing effects of levamisole and pyrantel. The utility of in vitro screening against O. gutturosa and B. pahangi was evaluated by determining the discriminatory capacity of the tests in detecting novel compounds with reproducible in vivo activity in the jird-B. pahangi/A. viteae model. The results suggested that this would be a valuable selective screening procedure. Although false positives were detected at the rate of 15-17% of the novel anthelmintic chemical series tested, no false negatives were allowed through the screen provided both O. gutturosa and B. pahangi were included.2=
使用微运动计测定了标准驱虫药对成年牛盘尾丝虫、马来布鲁线虫和旋盘尾丝虫体外运动活性的影响。从牛组织中解剖出的新鲜成年雄虫是观察牛盘尾丝虫的最佳来源。经胶原酶消化释放出的寄生虫活力和运动能力较差。通过解剖仅可获得牛盘尾丝虫雌虫的节段，而这些节段在体外无法维持运动。人结节组织经胶原酶消化后，旋盘尾丝虫的成年雄虫和雌虫仍具有活性，但行为非常不规则，以至于无法用该仪器对其运动进行足够规律的令人满意的监测，从而无法对药物诱导的变化进行定量分析。除苯并咪唑类药物外，在实验室啮齿动物模型中表现出体内杀大丝虫作用的驱虫药对牛盘尾丝虫、马来布鲁线虫和旋盘尾丝虫的运动均有抑制作用。然而，牛盘尾丝虫比马来布鲁线虫或旋盘尾丝虫对左旋咪唑和噻嘧啶的暂时麻痹作用更为敏感。通过测定该试验在检测对沙鼠 - 马来布鲁线虫/旋盘尾丝虫模型具有可重复体内活性的新型化合物方面的鉴别能力，评估了针对牛盘尾丝虫和马来布鲁线虫进行体外筛选的实用性。结果表明这将是一种有价值的选择性筛选程序。尽管在所测试的新型驱虫化学系列中，假阳性的检出率为15 - 17%，但只要同时纳入牛盘尾丝虫和马来布鲁线虫，筛选过程中就不会出现假阴性。
