1988年至1989年，迈阿密，HIV检测及检测后咨询后性传播疾病发病率的变化
Changes in sexually transmitted disease rates after HIV testing and posttest counseling, Miami, 1988 to 1989.
作者信息
Otten M W, Zaidi A A, Wroten J E, Witte J J, Peterman T A
机构信息
Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. 30333.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1993 Apr;83(4):529-33. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.4.529.
OBJECTIVES
The effects of posttest counseling on acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases in patients at a large urban sexually transmitted disease clinic were studied.
METHODS
Comparisons were made of the percentage of patients who had a positive gonorrhea culture (or any sexually transmitted disease) in the 6 months before and after human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing.
RESULTS
For 331 patients counseled about a positive HIV test, the percentage with gonorrhea was 6.3 before and 4.5 after posttest counseling (29% decrease). For 666 patients counseled about a negative test, the percentage with gonorrhea was 2.4 before and 5.0 after posttest counseling (106% increase). With any sexually transmitted disease as the outcome, patients who tested positive for HIV had a 12% decrease and patients who tested negative had a 103% increase after counseling.
CONCLUSIONS
HIV counseling and testing was associated with a moderate decrease in sexually transmitted diseases among patients who tested positive for the virus, but risk increased for patients who tested negative. This suggests a need to improve posttest counseling in this clinic and to assess the effects of counseling and testing in other clinics.
目的
研究在一家大型城市性传播疾病诊所对患者进行检测后咨询服务，对性传播疾病感染情况的影响。
方法
比较了在接受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）咨询和检测前后6个月内淋病培养呈阳性（或患有任何性传播疾病）的患者百分比。
结果
对于331名被告知HIV检测呈阳性的患者，淋病患者百分比在检测后咨询前为6.3%，检测后咨询后为4.5%（下降29%）。对于666名被告知检测呈阴性的患者，淋病患者百分比在检测后咨询前为2.4%，检测后咨询后为5.0%（增加106%）。以任何性传播疾病为结果，接受咨询后，HIV检测呈阳性的患者感染率下降了12%，检测呈阴性的患者感染率增加了103%。
结论
HIV咨询和检测与病毒检测呈阳性患者的性传播疾病感染率适度下降有关，但检测呈阴性患者的风险增加。这表明该诊所需要改进检测后咨询服务，并评估其他诊所咨询和检测的效果。
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