Vinson D C, Cooley F B
Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia.
Prim Care. 1993 Mar;20(1):71-80.
Patients with alcohol problems come to their primary care physicians at different points along the spectrum of experiences with alcohol; therefore, physicians need to be able to respond with a variety of interventions. In addition, patients present in different stages of change, and physicians need to be aware of where the patient is in that continuum. Evidence shows that less intensive, outpatient treatment may be as beneficial as inpatient treatment for some patients and that primary care physicians can offer some of their patients relatively simple interventions that are effective. Medications such as disulfiram offer little in the treatment of alcoholism but may be of benefit in selected situations. Of greater benefit are more complex psychosocial interventions carried out by a team of health care professionals.
有酒精问题的患者在饮酒经历的不同阶段会去找他们的初级保健医生；因此，医生需要能够采取多种干预措施来应对。此外，患者处于不同的改变阶段，医生需要了解患者在这个连续过程中的位置。有证据表明，对于一些患者来说，强度较低的门诊治疗可能与住院治疗一样有益，而且初级保健医生可以为他们的一些患者提供一些相对简单但有效的干预措施。诸如双硫仑之类的药物在治疗酒精中毒方面作用不大，但在某些特定情况下可能有益。由一组医疗保健专业人员实施的更复杂的心理社会干预措施则更有益处。
