Grilo C M, Shiffman S, Wing R R
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-7447.
Addict Behav. 1993 Jan-Feb;18(1):89-102. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(93)90012-x.
We examined dieters' attempts to cope with dietary relapse crises (Immediate coping) and their aftermath (Restorative coping). We analyzed posttreatment interviews with 57 obese subjects with Type-II diabetes, comparing coping in situations in which subjects lapsed with those in which they survived temptations to overeat. Performance of Immediate coping predicted survival but the particular type of coping made little difference. Eight types of Immediate cognitive coping were equally associated with survival: each was significantly more effective than no coping and equal to the aggregate of the other types. A similar pattern held for 5 types of Immediate behavioral coping, except that social support was no more effective than no coping and restraint was less effective than the other types. Restorative behavioral coping was elicited as a response to overeating, while Restorative cognitive coping seemed elicited by the negative thoughts and feelings that sometimes accompany lapses or temptations. Implications for treatment and future research on relapse crises and coping are discussed.
我们研究了节食者应对饮食复发病机（即时应对）及其后果（恢复性应对）的尝试。我们分析了对57名患有II型糖尿病的肥胖受试者的治疗后访谈，比较了受试者在失误情境下的应对方式与他们成功抵制暴饮暴食诱惑情境下的应对方式。即时应对的表现预示着能否成功抵制诱惑，但具体的应对类型影响不大。八种即时认知应对方式与成功抵制诱惑同样相关：每种方式都明显比不采取应对措施更有效，且与其他类型的综合效果相当。五种即时行为应对方式也呈现类似模式，只是社会支持并不比不采取应对措施更有效，而克制比其他类型的效果要差。恢复性行为应对是对暴饮暴食的反应，而恢复性认知应对似乎是由失误或诱惑有时伴随的消极思想和情绪引发的。文中还讨论了对治疗以及未来关于复发病机和应对的研究的启示。
