Noël P, Tefferi A, Pierre R V, Jenkins R B, Dewald G W
Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Blood Rev. 1993 Mar;7(1):10-8. doi: 10.1016/0268-960x(93)90019-z.
Cytogenetics has provided new insights into the biology and pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes. In patients with refractory anemia, it has provided proof of clonality and has helped differentiate chronic myelomonocytic leukemia from chronic myeloid leukemia. As a prognostic tool, cytogenetics has been predictive of duration of survival and leukemic transformation. However, its role as an independent prognostic factor compared with recent prognostic scoring systems remains to be determined. New techniques such as fluorescent in situ hybridization using chromosome-specific DNA probes may expand the usefulness of cytogenetics. The prognostic impact of cytogenetics may not be fully realized until more effective treatments become available.
细胞遗传学为骨髓增生异常综合征的生物学和发病机制提供了新的见解。在难治性贫血患者中，它提供了克隆性的证据，并有助于将慢性粒单核细胞白血病与慢性髓性白血病区分开来。作为一种预后工具，细胞遗传学能够预测生存时间和白血病转化。然而，与最近的预后评分系统相比，其作为独立预后因素的作用仍有待确定。诸如使用染色体特异性DNA探针的荧光原位杂交等新技术可能会扩大细胞遗传学的用途。在有更有效的治疗方法出现之前，细胞遗传学的预后影响可能无法完全显现。
