Chandler M L, Miller E, Olson P N, Ralston S L
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins 80523.
Cornell Vet. 1993 Apr;83(2):107-16.
Milk replacer formulas based on cow's milk and egg yolks are frequently recommended for use in neonatal puppies. These formulas are lower in protein, kilocalories, calcium, and phosphorus than bitch's milk. In addition, the cholesterol content is greater than bitch's milk. The effect of feeding these formulas on serum chemistry profiles, lipid profiles, and alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme profiles of 5-week-old beagle puppies was studied. Three groups of beagle puppies were fed bitch's milk (control) (n = 18), a homemade milk-egg-oil formula (Formula 1) (n = 18), or a homemade milk-egg-oil formula supplemented with additional calcium and phosphorous (Formula 2) (n = 18). Concentrations of serum urea nitrogen, albumin, and total CO2 were lower (P < 0.05), and concentrations of serum phosphorus, globulins, sodium, chloride, and cholesterol were higher (P < 0.05) in formula-fed puppies than bitch-fed puppies. Serum potassium concentration was lower in the puppies fed Formula 1 than in the control puppies (P < 0.05), and serum potassium concentration in the puppies fed Formula 2 was not significantly different from that in puppies fed Formula 1 or the control puppies. Total triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein2 cholesterol (HDL2) concentrations were similar in all three groups of puppies but the combined high density lipoprotein1 (HDL1) plus low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fraction was higher (P < 0.05) in the formula-fed puppies and accounted for the majority of the increase in cholesterol. There were no differences (P < 0.05) in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) or bone-derived ALP (BALP) concentrations among the groups, however there was a higher (P < 0.05) serum concentration of liver-derived ALP (LALP) in the Formula 1-fed puppies. Feeding homemade egg and cow's milk-based puppy replacement formulas is not recommended for long term use.
基于牛奶和蛋黄的代乳品配方常被推荐用于新生幼犬。这些配方奶的蛋白质、千卡热量、钙和磷含量低于母犬的乳汁。此外，其胆固醇含量高于母犬的乳汁。本研究探讨了给5周龄比格幼犬喂食这些配方奶对其血清化学指标、血脂指标和碱性磷酸酶同工酶谱的影响。将三组比格幼犬分别喂食母犬的乳汁（对照组）（n = 18）、自制的奶 - 蛋 - 油配方奶（配方1）（n = 18）或添加了额外钙和磷的自制奶 - 蛋 - 油配方奶（配方2）（n = 18）。与喂食母犬乳汁的幼犬相比，喂食配方奶的幼犬血清尿素氮、白蛋白和总二氧化碳浓度较低（P < 0.05），血清磷、球蛋白、钠、氯和胆固醇浓度较高（P < 0.05）。喂食配方1的幼犬血清钾浓度低于对照组幼犬（P < 0.05），喂食配方2的幼犬血清钾浓度与喂食配方1或对照组的幼犬无显著差异。三组幼犬的总甘油三酯（TG）和高密度脂蛋白2胆固醇（HDL2）浓度相似，但喂食配方奶的幼犬中高密度脂蛋白1（HDL1）与低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇分数之和较高（P < 0.05），且占胆固醇升高的大部分。各组间血清总碱性磷酸酶（ALP）或骨源性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）浓度无差异（P < 0.05），然而，喂食配方1的幼犬血清肝源性碱性磷酸酶（LALP）浓度较高（P < 0.05）。不建议长期使用自制的基于鸡蛋和牛奶的幼犬代乳品配方。
