Demmers Théa A, Jones Peter J H, Wang Yanwen, Krug Susan, Creutzinger Vivian, Heubi James E
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Montreal, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
Pediatrics. 2005 Jun;115(6):1594-601. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0997.
The endogenous cholesterol fractional synthesis rate (FSR) is related inversely to infant dietary cholesterol at 4 months of age; however, it remains to be established whether this effect is permanent, possibly contributing to later hypercholesterolemia.
To determine whether levels of dietary cholesterol in infancy induced changes in FSR and plasma lipid levels that persisted at 18 months.
A prospective clinical trial was conducted with 47 infants, from their first week of life until 18 months of age, who received human milk (HM) until weaned (n = 15) or were randomized to receive modified cow's milk formula (MCF) with added cholesterol (n = 15) or cow's milk formula (CF) (n = 17) for 12 months. Cholesterol contents of HM, MCF, and CF were 120, 80, and 40 mg/L, respectively. FSR and plasma lipid levels were measured at 4 and 18 months.
At 4 months, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher for infants fed HM and MCF, compared with CF. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in the MCF group than in the HM and CF groups. FSR in the HM group (0.034 +/- 0.005 pools per day) was lower than that in the CF group (0.052 +/- 0.005 pools per day). There was no difference between the HM and MCF (0.047 +/- 0.005 pools per day) groups or between the MCF and CF groups. At 18 months, there were no differences in FSRs or plasma lipid profiles between the groups.
Although cholesterol intake before weaning affects FSRs and plasma lipid profiles at 4 months, these differences do not persist after weaning to an unrestricted diet at 18 months. This provides additional evidence that there is no imprinting of FSR in infancy with differing dietary levels of cholesterol.
内源性胆固醇分数合成率（FSR）与4个月大婴儿的膳食胆固醇呈负相关；然而，这种影响是否持久，是否可能导致日后的高胆固醇血症，仍有待确定。
确定婴儿期膳食胆固醇水平是否会引起FSR和血浆脂质水平的变化，并持续至18个月。
对47名婴儿进行了一项前瞻性临床试验，从出生第一周直至18个月龄，其中15名婴儿一直食用母乳（HM）直至断奶，15名婴儿被随机分配接受添加胆固醇的改良牛奶配方奶粉（MCF），17名婴儿接受牛奶配方奶粉（CF），为期12个月。HM、MCF和CF的胆固醇含量分别为120、80和40mg/L。在4个月和18个月时测量FSR和血浆脂质水平。
在4个月时，与CF喂养的婴儿相比，HM和MCF喂养的婴儿总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更高。MCF组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于HM组和CF组。HM组的FSR（每天0.034±0.005池）低于CF组（每天0.052±0.005池）。HM组和MCF组（每天0.047±0.005池）之间或MCF组和CF组之间没有差异。在18个月时，各组之间的FSR或血浆脂质谱没有差异。
虽然断奶前的胆固醇摄入量会影响4个月时的FSR和血浆脂质谱，但断奶后至18个月 unrestricted diet（此处原文可能有误，推测为正常饮食） 时，这些差异不会持续存在。这进一步证明，婴儿期不同膳食胆固醇水平不会对FSR产生印记。
