Soriano V, Gutiérrez M, Tuset C, Martínez-Zapico R, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Aguilera A, Codina G, González A, Ulloa F, Leal M
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid.
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 Apr 10;100(14):531-5.
To January 1991 thirteen cases of HIV-2 infection had been reported in Spain. Paradoxically, neighboring countries, i.e. France and Portugal, have reported more than one thousand cases, and are the most HIV-2 prevalent areas outside West Africa. We report the results of a prospective, nationwide study on the prevalence of HIV-2 infection conducted in Spain in 1991. In addition, an evaluation of testing methodologies is made.
Sera collected from 8,073 individuals at high-risk for HIV infection were screened by a combined HIV-1 plus HIV-2 ELISA. Reactive samples were further evaluated by three tests, as HIV-1 Western blot (WB), HIV-2 specific WB, and a synthetic peptide assay immuno-dot (Pepti-lav, Pasteur).
Fifteen (0.18%) individuals met criteria of HIV-2 infection in both specific WB and SPA. Four (27%) of them showed reactivity to both HIV-1 and HIV-2, and the dual infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 2 out of 3 available samples. The SPA showed higher sensitivity and specificity than WB in the diagnosis and distinction of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.
To January 1992, 28 cases of HIV-2 infection have been described in Spain. All but two were African immigrants. The first cases of HIV-1 plus HIV-2 coinfection have been identified. In HIV high-risk populations, SPA may provide an excellent alternative to WB to confirm ELISA reactive samples.
到1991年1月，西班牙已报告了13例HIV - 2感染病例。矛盾的是，邻国法国和葡萄牙报告的病例超过1000例，且是西非以外HIV - 2流行率最高的地区。我们报告了1991年在西班牙进行的一项关于HIV - 2感染流行率的全国性前瞻性研究结果。此外，还对检测方法进行了评估。
对8073名HIV感染高危个体采集的血清采用HIV - 1加HIV - 2联合酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行筛查。反应性样本通过三项检测进一步评估，即HIV - 1免疫印迹法（WB）、HIV - 2特异性WB和合成肽分析免疫斑点法（Pepti - lav，巴斯德公司）。
15名（0.18%）个体在特异性WB和SPA检测中均符合HIV - 2感染标准。其中4名（27%）对HIV - 1和HIV - 2均呈反应性，3份可用样本中的2份通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）证实为双重感染。在HIV - 1和HIV - 2感染的诊断与鉴别中，SPA比WB具有更高的敏感性和特异性。
到1992年1月，西班牙已描述了28例HIV - 2感染病例。除2例之外均为非洲移民。已发现首例HIV - 1和HIV - 2合并感染病例。在HIV高危人群中，SPA可能是用于确认ELISA反应性样本的WB的极佳替代方法。
