Shibuya M
Dept. of Genetics, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1993 Apr;20(5):677-83.
Biological characteristics of cancer cells are thought to be immortalization, transformation (abnormal cell growth) and capacity for tumor invasion and metastasis. Recent studies have revealed that many cellular genes (oncogenes and anti-oncogenes) were activated or suppressed at the level of DNA in cancer cells, and in normal condition the products of these genes have important roles in signal transduction for cell growth as a positive or negative way. Point mutation and unphysiological DNA recombination are considered to be major molecular mechanisms in the alteration of these cellular genes. Further, several genes were found to be involved in invasion and metastasis. However, still a significant portion of cancers remains to be elucidated in terms of unknown cellular (or viral) genes involved in multi-step carcinogenesis. Therefore, we need to continue the basic research on cancer and to initiate the studies on new chemicals, hormones or others by which we could control the activities of known oncogene and anti-oncogene products.
癌细胞的生物学特性被认为是永生化、转化（异常细胞生长）以及肿瘤侵袭和转移的能力。最近的研究表明，许多细胞基因（癌基因和抑癌基因）在癌细胞的DNA水平上被激活或抑制，在正常情况下，这些基因的产物以正向或负向方式在细胞生长的信号转导中发挥重要作用。点突变和非生理性DNA重组被认为是这些细胞基因改变的主要分子机制。此外，发现几个基因与侵袭和转移有关。然而，就多步骤致癌过程中涉及的未知细胞（或病毒）基因而言，仍有很大一部分癌症有待阐明。因此，我们需要继续进行癌症的基础研究，并开展关于新化学物质、激素或其他能够控制已知癌基因和抑癌基因产物活性的物质的研究。
