Green D M
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1993 Apr;93(4 Pt 1):2096-105. doi: 10.1121/1.406696.
A maximum-likelihood procedure for estimating threshold values in a yes-no task is presented. In computer simulations of this procedure, it is demonstrated that the variability of the threshold estimates is little affected by the density of the hypotheses tested for a fixed range, or by serious misestimates of the slope of the psychometric functions. The threshold value is also largely independent of the starting value of the signal. The standard deviation of the threshold estimates appears to decrease with the square root of the number of trials, with a 2- to 3-dB standard deviation possible if only 12 trials are used in the threshold estimates. Data are presented using human listeners tested on 5 days. Two threshold estimates, based on 12 trials, were made at each of the six audiometric frequencies on each day. The mean data appear sensible, and the standard deviation of the measured thresholds is about 3 dB. Using this procedure, it takes less than 3 min to measure the audiogram for a single ear.
本文提出了一种用于估计是-否任务中阈值的最大似然法。在该方法的计算机模拟中，结果表明，对于固定范围，阈值估计的变异性几乎不受所测试假设密度的影响，也不受心理测量函数斜率严重误估的影响。阈值在很大程度上也与信号的起始值无关。阈值估计的标准差似乎随着试验次数的平方根而减小，如果在阈值估计中仅使用12次试验，则标准差可能为2至3分贝。文中给出了对人类受试者进行5天测试的数据。每天在六个听力频率上，基于12次试验对每位受试者进行两次阈值估计。平均数据看起来是合理的，测量阈值的标准差约为3分贝。使用该方法，测量单耳听力图所需时间不到3分钟。
