Edwards J A, Weary G
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 Apr;64(4):636-45. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.64.4.636.
A study explored depressed-nondepressed differences in impression formation. From S. T. Fiske and S. L. Neuberg's (1990) model of impression formation, mildly depressed perceivers were hypothesized to engage in more piecemeal processing when forming an impression of a target other, even when nondepressed perceivers would typically use less effortful, categorical processing. With an idiographic technique designed by M. Pavelchak (1989), depressed Ss were shown to use trait attributes in evaluating a person, even when induced to categorize the individual. Nondepressed Ss relied on category information when available, replicating Pavelchak's study. Depressed Ss' results are interpreted as arising from a motivation to engage in effortful analysis of social information, stemming from feelings of lack of control over life events.
一项研究探讨了在印象形成过程中抑郁者与非抑郁者之间的差异。根据S. T. 菲斯克和S. L. 纽伯格（1990）的印象形成模型，研究假设，在形成对他人的印象时，轻度抑郁的感知者会进行更多的零碎加工，即使非抑郁的感知者通常会采用较少费力的类别加工方式。运用M. 帕维尔查克（1989）设计的个性化技术，研究表明，抑郁的被试在评价一个人时会使用特质属性，即使被诱导对个体进行分类时也是如此。非抑郁的被试在有类别信息时会依赖类别信息，重复了帕维尔查克的研究。抑郁被试的结果被解释为源于对社会信息进行费力分析的动机，这种动机源于对生活事件缺乏控制感。
