Bullock R
University Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1993 Mar 20;123(11):449-58.
Neurotrauma is the largest cause of death and severe disability in young adults. In this review, the pathophysiological processes which damage the brain and spinal cord, both acutely, and hours to days after injury, are discussed. Secondary, delayed damage is the major cause of bad outcome in at least 40% of patients, with severe head injury. Diffuse damage to axons, hypoxic-ischaemic damage to neurons and astrocytes, contusions, intracranial haematomas, and brain swelling are discussed. The prospect for improving outcome by pharmacological therapy, and the current status of head injury trials are presented.
神经创伤是年轻成年人死亡和严重残疾的最大原因。在本综述中，我们讨论了急性损伤以及损伤后数小时至数天内损害脑和脊髓的病理生理过程。继发性延迟损伤是至少40%重度颅脑损伤患者预后不良的主要原因。文中还讨论了轴突的弥漫性损伤、神经元和星形胶质细胞的缺氧缺血性损伤、挫伤、颅内血肿以及脑肿胀。本文介绍了通过药物治疗改善预后的前景以及颅脑损伤试验的现状。
