van Willigen J D, Broekhuijsen M L, Melchior H J, Karkazis H C, Kossioni A, Heath M R
Department of Neurobiology and Oral Physiology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Arch Oral Biol. 1993 Feb;38(2):113-21. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(93)90195-r.
Whether the motor programme executed by the digastric muscles during a forceful bite is modified according to a subject's expectation that the resistance between the teeth will change was investigated. There were two experimental conditions: (1) tracking a ramp (drawn on an oscilloscope screen) by biting (isometrically) on a force transducer and holding it at 120 N, and (2) tracking the same ramp with a sudden unloading at 100 N. There were two groups of experiments: (1) control experiments in which subjects underwent a sudden and unexpected unloading of the jaw, and (2) experiments in which subjects were previously informed whether or not there was to be an unloading. In all experiments the subjects co-contracted their digastric muscles during the bite as compared to the state at rest. The subjects' responses fell into the three different types: (i) those who varied the level of tonic digastric activity only as a function of the experimental condition, (ii) those who co-contracted the digastric muscles at the same time as the masseter muscles, and (iii) those who changed the contraction pattern of the digastric muscles as a function of the experimental condition. If modulation of the digastric muscles occurred this is a 'feedforward' strategy mainly based on immediate past performance.
研究了在强力咬合过程中，二腹肌执行的运动程序是否会根据受试者对牙齿间阻力将发生变化的预期而改变。有两种实验条件：（1）通过在力传感器上咬合（等长收缩）来跟踪一个斜坡（绘制在示波器屏幕上）并将其保持在120牛，以及（2）跟踪相同的斜坡并在100牛时突然卸载。有两组实验：（1）对照实验，即受试者经历下颌的突然且意外的卸载，以及（2）受试者事先被告知是否会有卸载的实验。在所有实验中，与休息状态相比，受试者在咬合过程中会共同收缩其二腹肌。受试者的反应分为三种不同类型：（i）仅根据实验条件改变二腹肌紧张性活动水平的受试者，（ii）与咬肌同时共同收缩二腹肌的受试者，以及（iii）根据实验条件改变二腹肌收缩模式的受试者。如果二腹肌发生了调制，这是一种主要基于近期表现的“前馈”策略。
