Eldredge K L
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5490.
Int J Eat Disord. 1993 Jan;13(1):57-67. doi: 10.1002/1098-108x(199301)13:1<57::aid-eat2260130108>3.0.co;2-6.
Recent research on the eating behavior of restrained eaters following a dietary preload indicates that both dieting and self-esteem may influence consumption. While Polivy, Heatherton, and Herman (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 354-356, 1988) found a forced preload to lead to increased consumption by low self-esteem restrained eaters, Lowe, Whitlow, and Bellwoar (International Journal of Eating Disorders, 10, 461-471, 1991) found restrained dieters to decrease their consumption following a dietary preload. The current study was designed to investigate the influences of self-esteem and dieting on the eating behavior of restrained eaters while in a negative mood state. Subjects were 80 normal weight undergraduate women in a 2 x 2 x 2 design (Restrained/Unrestrained by Success/Failure by Low Self-Esteem/High Self-Esteem). Current dieting, though not self-esteem, was found to influence consumption. Restrained dieters consumed significantly less in a negative mood state than when in a positive mood state, while nondieters, irrespective of restraint status, consumed comparable amounts in both mood states.
近期关于节食者在摄入膳食预负荷后饮食行为的研究表明，节食和自尊都可能影响食物摄入量。虽然波利维、希瑟顿和赫尔曼（《变态心理学杂志》，第97卷，第354 - 356页，1988年）发现强制摄入预负荷会导致自尊较低的节食者食量增加，但洛、惠特洛和贝尔沃（《国际进食障碍杂志》，第10卷，第461 - 471页，1991年）发现节食者在摄入膳食预负荷后食量会减少。本研究旨在调查在负面情绪状态下，自尊和节食对节食者饮食行为的影响。研究对象为80名体重正常的本科女生，采用2×2×2设计（按是否节食/因成功或失败导致的自我约束/低自尊或高自尊）。研究发现，当前的节食行为（而非自尊）会影响食物摄入量。节食者在负面情绪状态下的食量显著低于在正面情绪状态下的食量，而非节食者，无论是否自我约束，在两种情绪状态下的食量相当。
