Benenson J F
Harvard University.
Child Dev. 1993 Apr;64(2):544-55.
The present study was designed to examine sex differences in children's preferences for dyadic and group interaction in early childhood. In Study 1, a professional puppeteer interacted with 21 females and 20 males 4 and 5 years of age using 1 (dyad) and 3 (group) puppets in a within-subjects design. Enjoyment of the 2 conditions was assessed through frequency of smiling and eye contact. In addition, sociometric techniques were used to measure the size of children's play networks, and observations of naturally occurring dyadic and group interaction were conducted. Study 2 was a replication of the puppet play procedure used in Study 1 with 38 females and 37 males 3 and 4 years of age. In both studies, females were found to enjoy dyadic interaction more than males. In addition, some evidence suggests that males may enjoy group interaction more than females. Results are discussed in terms of theoretical explanations for sex differences in preferences for interaction with differing numbers of peers.
本研究旨在考察幼儿在二元互动和群体互动偏好上的性别差异。在研究1中，一名专业木偶戏演员采用被试内设计，使用1个（二元）和3个（群体）木偶与21名4岁和5岁的女性以及20名同龄男性进行互动。通过微笑频率和眼神交流来评估对这两种情境的喜爱程度。此外，运用社会测量技术来测量儿童游戏网络的规模，并对自然发生的二元互动和群体互动进行观察。研究2重复了研究1中使用的木偶戏程序，对象为38名3岁和4岁的女性以及37名同龄男性。在两项研究中，均发现女性比男性更喜爱二元互动。此外，一些证据表明男性可能比女性更喜爱群体互动。研究结果将根据与不同数量同伴互动偏好上性别差异的理论解释进行讨论。
