Haug K, Aarø L E, Fugelli P
Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Norway.
Fam Pract. 1993 Mar;10(1):66-9. doi: 10.1093/fampra/10.1.66.
During 1 year, 187 general practitioners in western Norway recruited 530 daily smoking, pregnant women for a smoking cessation study. At the first medical check-up in pregnancy each woman filled in a questionnaire. Women who had started smoking within 15 years of age reported more heavy smoking the last 3 months before pregnancy (P < 0.0001) and at the first check-up in pregnancy (P < 0.01) than those who had started smoking later. They also reported less reduction in smoking habits during earlier pregnancies (P < 0.0001) and more serious tobacco addiction judged by starting smoking early in the morning (P < 0.005). However, even those who had started smoking before 15 years of age reported a reduction of 30% in cigarette consumption during the first few weeks of the present pregnancy. In addition to increasing the antismoking efforts among pregnant women, health education among girls 12-15 years of age to prevent smoking initiation should be intensified.
在一年时间里，挪威西部的187名全科医生招募了530名每日吸烟的孕妇参与一项戒烟研究。在孕期的首次体检时，每位女性填写了一份问卷。在15岁之前开始吸烟的女性报告称，在怀孕前的最后3个月（P<0.0001）以及孕期首次体检时（P<0.01），重度吸烟的情况比那些较晚开始吸烟的女性更多。她们还报告称，在早期怀孕过程中吸烟习惯的减少较少（P<0.0001），并且根据清晨就开始吸烟判断，她们的烟草成瘾情况更严重（P<0.005）。然而，即使是那些在15岁之前就开始吸烟的女性，也报告称在本次怀孕的头几周里香烟消费量减少了30%。除了加大对孕妇的反吸烟力度外，还应加强对12至15岁女孩的健康教育，以防止她们开始吸烟。
