McGlone J J, Salak J L, Lumpkin E A, Nicholson R I, Gibson M, Norman R L
Department of Animal Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock.
J Anim Sci. 1993 Apr;71(4):888-96. doi: 10.2527/1993.714888x.
Crossbred pigs were used to evaluate the effects of shipping stress on natural killer (NK) cell activity, leukocyte numbers, plasma cortisol, and BW changes. In the first study, pigs were bled at a commercial farm and, after shipping, resident and shipped pigs were bled again. Plasma cortisol concentrations were not different (P > .10) because of large variation in cortisol concentrations. Furthermore, NK cytotoxicity was nondetectable among all pigs. A second study showed that plasma cortisol concentration rose by approximately 2.6 ng/mL (P = .018) for each minute after pigs were aroused. In the third, more controlled study, pigs were housed in pens of three pigs each. Video recordings were made during the first 24 h pigs were grouped to identify socially dominant, intermediate, and submissive pigs. At time zero (before shipping), resident pigs and those to be shipped had similar plasma cortisol concentrations. However, after the 4-h shipping experience, shipped pigs had elevated (P < .05) plasma cortisol compared with resident control pigs. Shipped pigs lost 5.1% of their BW (P < .05) compared with resident pigs, which gained .02% of their BW. Body weight change during shipping and plasma cortisol were negatively correlated (r = -.34, P = .04), indicating pigs that had greater adrenal response to shipping also lost more weight during shipping. Shipping reduced (P < .05) NK cytotoxicity among pigs of intermediate and submissive social status compared with shipped, dominant pigs. At the end of shipping or control treatments, the correlation between NK cytotoxicity and plasma cortisol was positive (r = .35, P = .036), indicating that pigs with greater cortisol response had greater NK cytotoxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
采用杂交猪评估运输应激对自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性、白细胞数量、血浆皮质醇和体重变化的影响。在第一项研究中，猪在商业农场采血，运输后，留栏猪和运输猪再次采血。由于皮质醇浓度差异较大，血浆皮质醇浓度无差异（P>.10）。此外，所有猪均未检测到NK细胞毒性。第二项研究表明，猪被唤醒后，血浆皮质醇浓度每分钟大约升高2.6 ng/mL（P = .018）。在第三项更具对照性的研究中，猪被饲养在每栏三头猪的猪舍中。在猪分组后的头24小时进行视频记录，以确定社会等级高、中等和低的猪。在零时（运输前），留栏猪和待运输猪的血浆皮质醇浓度相似。然而，经过4小时的运输后，与留栏对照猪相比，运输猪的血浆皮质醇升高（P<.05）。与体重增加0.02%的留栏猪相比，运输猪体重减轻了5.1%（P<.05）。运输期间的体重变化与血浆皮质醇呈负相关（r = -.34，P = .04），表明运输时肾上腺反应较大的猪在运输期间体重减轻也更多。与运输的等级高的猪相比，运输降低了（P<.05）社会等级中等和低的猪的NK细胞毒性。在运输或对照处理结束时，NK细胞毒性与血浆皮质醇之间呈正相关（r = .35，P = .036），表明皮质醇反应较大的猪具有更大的NK细胞毒性。（摘要截短至250字）
