Karlsson A, Enfält A C, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lundström K, Rydhmer L, Stern S
Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
J Anim Sci. 1993 Apr;71(4):930-8. doi: 10.2527/1993.714930x.
The relationship between the histochemical and biochemical properties of muscle and the quality of meat during selection to improving the lean tissue growth rate was studied. Pigs (n = 82) from Generations 2 and 4 were randomly sampled in a selection experiment in which the genotype x protein interaction was studied. Comparisons were made of longissimus muscle (LM) and quadriceps femoris (QF) from Generations 2 and 4, and biceps femoris (BF) in the fourth generation from pigs fed a low- or high-protein diet. A higher total growth rate, lean tissue growth rate, and lean percentage were found in pigs fed the high-protein diet than in pigs fed the low-protein diet. Pigs fed the high-protein diet had a higher glycolytic capacity in all muscles than pigs fed the low-protein diet. When the meat quality traits were compared, pigs fed the high-protein diet had a lower intramuscular fat content, higher shear force value, higher protein extractability, lower light reflectance, and somewhat higher water-holding capacity. With selection, pigs became fatter on both diets. In Generation 4, glycolytic and oxidative capacity was somewhat higher in muscle tissue than in Generation 2. Muscle metabolic profile and meat quality traits differed among muscles (LM, BF, QF) but no pronounced differences were found between generations. No marked changes were observed in Type I, IIA, or IIB fibers, either between diets or between generations. The Type IIC fibers could only be identified in Generation 4.
在一项旨在提高瘦肉组织生长率的选育实验中，研究了肌肉的组织化学和生化特性与肉品质之间的关系。在一项研究基因型与蛋白质相互作用的选育实验中，随机抽取了第2代和第4代的猪（n = 82）。对第2代和第4代的背最长肌（LM）和股四头肌（QF），以及第4代中饲喂低蛋白或高蛋白日粮的猪的股二头肌（BF）进行了比较。结果发现，饲喂高蛋白日粮的猪比饲喂低蛋白日粮的猪具有更高的总生长率、瘦肉组织生长率和瘦肉率。饲喂高蛋白日粮的猪在所有肌肉中的糖酵解能力均高于饲喂低蛋白日粮的猪。比较肉质性状时，饲喂高蛋白日粮的猪肌内脂肪含量较低，剪切力值较高，蛋白质提取率较高，光反射率较低，保水能力略高。随着选育，两种日粮喂养的猪都变得更肥。在第4代中，肌肉组织中的糖酵解和氧化能力略高于第2代。肌肉代谢特征和肉质性状在不同肌肉（LM、BF、QF）之间存在差异，但在不同代之间未发现明显差异。在不同日粮或不同代之间，I型、IIA型或IIB型纤维均未观察到明显变化。IIC型纤维仅在第4代中被鉴定出来。
