Nagoshi C T, Johnson R C, Honbo K A
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe.
J Biosoc Sci. 1993 Apr;25(2):259-76. doi: 10.1017/s002193200002054x.
This study reports on the relative influences of parental attainment and cognitive ability and subjects' own cognitive ability, personality, and social attitudes on the educational and occupational attainments and incomes of 183 Generation 3 subjects of Caucasian ancestry and 186 of Japanese ancestry originally tested in 1972-76 in the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition (HFSC) and re-tested in 1987-88. In contrast to earlier reports of sex differences in the influence of Generation 2 attainment and on Generation 3 attainment when these offspring were younger, family background had a trivial influence and own cognitive ability had a substantial influence on educational attainment for both racial/ethnic groups and both sexes. For income, however, own cognitive ability was only a significant predictor for male subjects. Within-family correlational analyses also supported this sex difference in influences on attainment.
本研究报告了父母的成就和认知能力以及受试者自身的认知能力、个性和社会态度对183名高加索血统第三代受试者和186名日本血统第三代受试者的教育程度、职业成就和收入的相对影响。这些受试者最初于1972 - 1976年在夏威夷认知家庭研究（HFSC）中接受测试，并于1987 - 1988年再次接受测试。与早期关于第二代成就对这些后代年轻时的第三代成就影响的性别差异报告相反，家庭背景对两个种族/族裔群体和两性的教育程度影响微不足道，而自身认知能力则有重大影响。然而，对于收入而言，自身认知能力仅是男性受试者的显著预测因素。家庭内部的相关分析也支持了在成就影响方面的这种性别差异。
