Burns S A, Elsner A E
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.
J Opt Soc Am A. 1993 Feb;10(2):221-30. doi: 10.1364/josaa.10.000221.
Changes in the effective optical density of the cones are sufficient to explain changes in color matches with retinal illuminance and pupil entry. We performed three experiments. In the first experiment, six observers made color matches under both bleached and unbleached conditions to a series of six standard wavelengths. The effects of bleaching could be modeled by a decrease in optical density of the L and M cone photopigments. Slight spectral shifts in the peak wavelengths of the photopigments were required for different observers. In the second experiment we varied retinal illuminance of the color-matching field from 2.4 to 5.4 log Td for a series of long-wavelength primaries. The shape of the color match versus the intensity function was unchanged by the wavelength composition of the matching field. In the third experiment we measured the change in color match with retinal illuminance for different pupil entry positions. At low luminances there was a marked dependence of the color match on pupil entry positions. At high illuminance there was only a small dependence. The half-bleach illuminance values varied as expected from the Stiles-Crawford I effect. We conclude that for wavelengths > 540 nm, changes in color matches with bleaching and pupil entry can be explained by changes in the effective optical density of the cones.
视锥细胞有效光学密度的变化足以解释视网膜照度和瞳孔入射情况下颜色匹配的变化。我们进行了三项实验。在第一个实验中，六名观察者在漂白和未漂白条件下对一系列六个标准波长进行颜色匹配。漂白的影响可以通过L和M视锥色素光学密度的降低来模拟。不同观察者需要视色素峰值波长有轻微的光谱偏移。在第二个实验中，对于一系列长波长原色，我们将颜色匹配场的视网膜照度从2.4 log Td变化到5.4 log Td。颜色匹配与强度函数的形状不受匹配场波长组成的影响。在第三个实验中，我们测量了不同瞳孔入射位置下颜色匹配随视网膜照度的变化。在低亮度下，颜色匹配对瞳孔入射位置有明显的依赖性。在高照度下，依赖性很小。半漂白照度值如预期的那样因斯泰尔斯-克劳福德I效应而变化。我们得出结论，对于波长>540 nm，漂白和瞳孔入射导致的颜色匹配变化可以通过视锥细胞有效光学密度的变化来解释。
