Whitesell P L, Peters S G
Division of Thoracic Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 May;68(5):483-91. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60198-0.
Two of the most common thoracic manifestations of extrapulmonary malignant tumors are thoracic metastatic lesions and pulmonary thromboembolism. Recognition of the broad array of patterns of pulmonary metastatic involvement is essential for optimal management of oncology patients. In addition to the "typical" pattern of multiple bilateral nodules, patients may have solitary nodules, reticulonodular infiltrates, hilar and mediastinal adenopathy, endobronchial obstruction, pleural disease, or even normal roentgenographic findings. An awareness of the association between cancer and pulmonary thromboembolism is also valuable. The mechanisms potentially responsible for the thrombotic events associated with malignant disease are discussed, and diagnostic issues are reviewed.
肺外恶性肿瘤最常见的两种胸部表现是胸部转移瘤和肺血栓栓塞症。认识肺部转移受累的广泛模式对于肿瘤患者的最佳管理至关重要。除了双侧多发结节的“典型”模式外，患者可能有孤立结节、网状结节浸润、肺门和纵隔淋巴结肿大、支气管内阻塞、胸膜疾病，甚至胸部X线检查结果正常。认识到癌症与肺血栓栓塞症之间的关联也很有价值。本文讨论了与恶性疾病相关的血栓形成事件的潜在机制，并对诊断问题进行了综述。
