Visser G H, Mulder E J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Am J Ind Med. 1993 Apr;23(4):531-9. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700230403.
During the third trimester of pregnancy there is a gradual development of fetal behavioral states. These states are distinct and discontinuous modes of neural activity; they reflect a certain degree of maturity and/or integrity of the fetal brain and are homologous with those seen in newborn infants. Abnormal state development has been found in growth retarded fetuses and in fetuses of women with type-1 diabetes. Behavioral state organization is not easily influenced by external factors and most stimuli fail to induce a state change when the fetus is in quiet sleep (state 1F). However, fetuses do react to vibro-acoustic stimulation (VAS) with an electronic artificial larynx. This stimulus induces excessive fetal movements, prolonged tachycardia, disorganization of behavioral states, and state transitions normally not seen in healthy fetuses. The backgrounds for these excessive and unusual reactions are largely unknown. For the time being, it seems better not to use this device in clinical practice. In this review paper, data on the development of behavioral states and on fetal reactions to VAS are discussed.
在妊娠晚期，胎儿行为状态逐渐发展。这些状态是神经活动的不同且不连续的模式；它们反映了胎儿大脑一定程度的成熟度和/或完整性，并且与新生儿中观察到的状态同源。在生长受限胎儿和患有1型糖尿病的女性的胎儿中发现了异常的状态发展。行为状态组织不容易受到外部因素的影响，当胎儿处于安静睡眠（状态1F）时，大多数刺激都无法诱导状态改变。然而，胎儿确实会对电子人工喉发出的振动声刺激（VAS）做出反应。这种刺激会引起胎儿过度运动、长时间心动过速、行为状态紊乱以及健康胎儿中通常不会出现的状态转变。这些过度和异常反应的背景在很大程度上尚不清楚。目前，在临床实践中似乎最好不要使用这种设备。在这篇综述论文中，讨论了行为状态发展以及胎儿对VAS反应的数据。
