Teunissen M J, Op den Camp H J
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1993 Jan;63(1):63-76. doi: 10.1007/BF00871733.
Anaerobic fungi are the inhabitants of the digestive tract of herbivorous mammals, ruminants as well as non-ruminants. One of the major characteristics of all anaerobic fungi examined thus far, is their production and secretion of a range of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, including cellulases, xylanases and glucoside-hydrolases. The cellulolytic enzymes of the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis have been shown to possess a high activity. Therefore anaerobic fungi and/or their enzymes could be interesting for many biotechnological applications including saccharafication of lignocellulosic residues, production of polysaccharidehydrolysing enzymes. This review summarizes the present knowledge of anaerobic fungi with special emphasis on their cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes. Further, a comparison with aerobic fungi is made.
厌氧真菌是食草哺乳动物（包括反刍动物和非反刍动物）消化道的栖息者。迄今为止，所有已检测的厌氧真菌的一个主要特征是它们能产生和分泌一系列多糖降解酶，包括纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和糖苷水解酶。已证明厌氧真菌新美鞭菌（Neocallimastix frontalis）的纤维素分解酶具有高活性。因此，厌氧真菌和/或其酶在许多生物技术应用中可能具有重要意义，包括木质纤维素残渣的糖化、多糖水解酶的生产。本综述总结了目前关于厌氧真菌的知识，特别强调了它们的纤维素分解酶和木聚糖分解酶。此外，还与需氧真菌进行了比较。
