Göbel W, Richard G
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mainz, Germany.
Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Apr;152(4):286-90. doi: 10.1007/BF01956734.
Despite advances in ophthalmological care of premature infants, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains a still unsolved problem for paediatricians as well as ophthalmologists. A survey of the current literature concerning drug therapy and surgical management as related to the different stages of ROP is given. The classification system for ROP according to the International Committee is presented as well as our screening policy in relation to the literature. The effectiveness in preventing severe cases of ROP and the toxicity of vitamin E supplementation in high-risk premature infants is still disputed and no recommendations can be given. Cryotherapy is recommended in symmetric cases of stage 3 + ROP. Nevertheless, quite a number of eyes still progress to more severe stages of ROP. Scleral buckling procedures and vitrectomy may lead to anatomical success in a few cases of retinal detachment, however, the visual outcome of such an operation is usually very poor despite reattachment of the central retina.
尽管早产儿眼科护理取得了进展，但早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）对于儿科医生和眼科医生来说仍然是一个尚未解决的问题。本文对当前有关ROP不同阶段的药物治疗和手术管理的文献进行了综述。介绍了国际委员会的ROP分类系统以及我们基于文献的筛查策略。维生素E补充剂在预防高危早产儿严重ROP病例中的有效性及其毒性仍存在争议，无法给出相关建议。对于3+期对称型ROP病例，推荐进行冷冻疗法。然而，相当多的眼睛仍会进展到ROP更严重的阶段。巩膜扣带术和玻璃体切除术在少数视网膜脱离病例中可能取得解剖学上的成功，然而，尽管中央视网膜重新附着，但这种手术的视觉效果通常很差。
