Itakura H, Matsumoto A, Asaoka H, Kodama T
Department the 3rd Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Rinsho. 1993 Apr;51(4):1083-91.
The macrophage scavenger receptors are consisted of six domains: cytoplasmic, membrane-spanning, spacer, alpha-helical coiled-coil, collagen-like and a type-specific C-terminal. The collagen-like domain is revealed to have important role for ligand binding. The receptor gene is located on human chromosome 8. The human scavenger gene spans approximately 80 kb and is composed of 11 exons. Two types of scavenger receptor mRNA were shown to result from alternative splicing of exon 9 for type II or 10 and 11 for type I to the common exon 1-8. The scavenger receptor proteins were detected in macrophages of various organs and tissues such as Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, macrophages in the spleen and lymph nodes and perivascular macrophages in the brain. In the atheromatous plaques, scavenger receptors may participate progression of foam cells. Elimination and detoxication of endotoxin by macrophage scavenger receptor may suggest the defending function against a wide variety of pathogenic agents.
胞质结构域、跨膜结构域、间隔结构域、α-螺旋卷曲螺旋结构域、胶原样结构域和一个类型特异性C末端。已发现胶原样结构域在配体结合中起重要作用。该受体基因位于人类8号染色体上。人类清道夫基因跨度约80kb，由11个外显子组成。已表明两种类型的清道夫受体mRNA是由外显子9（II型）或外显子10和11（I型）选择性剪接至共同的外显子1-8产生的。在各种器官和组织的巨噬细胞中检测到清道夫受体蛋白，如枯否细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞、脾脏和淋巴结中的巨噬细胞以及脑中的血管周围巨噬细胞。在动脉粥样硬化斑块中，清道夫受体可能参与泡沫细胞的形成过程。巨噬细胞清道夫受体对内毒素的清除和解毒作用可能提示其对多种病原体的防御功能。
