Tloczynski J
Psychology Department, Bloomsburg University, PA 17815.
Percept Mot Skills. 1993 Apr;76(2):655-66. doi: 10.2466/pms.1993.76.2.655.
Two experiments examined the role of attention in visual dominance during motor learning. On the movement task 10 acquisition trials were given; each included a movement presentation and a blindfolded reproduction. After completion of acquisition trials and a 5-min. interval, subjects were given 5 retention trials with reproduction attempts only. In Exp. 1, subjects receiving only kinesthetic information during movement presentation reproduced criterion movement length more accurately than subjects receiving visual and kinesthetic information. Other subjects, presented both visual and kinesthetic stimuli for the movement, were given instructions to ignore vision and focus on kinesthesis. These subjects exhibited no effects of visual dominance in reproductions. In Exp. 2, subjects were presented visual and kinesthetic stimuli during half of the movement presentations and only kinesthetic stimuli during the other half. They did not exhibit the effects of visual dominance in reproductions. Such effects in motor learning may be modified by manipulation of attention or an alternating presentation of specific sensory stimuli.
两项实验研究了注意力在运动学习过程中的视觉主导作用。在运动任务中，进行了10次习得试验；每次试验都包括一次动作展示和一次蒙眼再现。在习得试验完成并经过5分钟的间隔后，仅让受试者进行5次保持试验，即只进行再现尝试。在实验1中，在动作展示过程中仅接收动觉信息的受试者比接收视觉和动觉信息的受试者更准确地再现了标准动作长度。其他在动作展示时同时呈现视觉和动觉刺激的受试者，被给予忽略视觉并专注于动觉的指令。这些受试者在再现中未表现出视觉主导效应。在实验2中，在一半的动作展示过程中向受试者呈现视觉和动觉刺激，而在另一半过程中仅呈现动觉刺激。他们在再现中也未表现出视觉主导效应。运动学习中的这种效应可能会通过注意力的操控或特定感觉刺激的交替呈现而得到改变。
