Burridge M J, Schwabe C W
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1977 Mar;26(2):258-65. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1977.26.258.
An epidemiological study was designed to determine the factors placing the Maori people of New Zealand at an unusually high risk of infection with Echinococcus granulosus. Using stepwise multiple regression techniques, it was shown that the most important determinant of the incidence rate of human hydatid disease was the proportion of Maoris in the local population. It was found that the Maori system of land tenure, based on the Maori land laws led to the formation of many small fragmented properties under multiple ownership, decreasing the incentive of individual Maori farmers to improve their farming methods. In addition, long-standing behavioral patterns, such as an easy familiarity with working dogs and the feeding of dogs on raw offal, were practices that changed slowly, thus contributing to the maintenance of high E. granulosus prevalence in dogs owned by Maoris. Those cultural and behavioral factors, together with poor dog control, exposed all members of the rural Maori community to an increased risk of infection with E. granulosus, with the result that the incidence rate of hydatid disease for all age-groups and for both sexes was strikingly higher in Maoris than in non-Maoris.
一项流行病学研究旨在确定致使新西兰毛利人感染细粒棘球绦虫风险异常高的因素。运用逐步多元回归技术表明，人类包虫病发病率的最重要决定因素是当地人口中毛利人的比例。研究发现，基于毛利土地法的毛利土地所有制导致了许多小块分散的土地在多重所有权下形成，降低了毛利个体农民改进其耕作方式的积极性。此外，长期的行为模式，比如对工作犬的随意亲近以及用生内脏喂狗，都是改变缓慢的做法，从而导致毛利人所养犬只中细粒棘球绦虫的高流行率持续存在。那些文化和行为因素，再加上对犬只控制不力，使农村毛利社区的所有成员感染细粒棘球绦虫的风险增加，结果是，毛利人各年龄组和男女的包虫病发病率显著高于非毛利人。
