Bakketeig L S, Cnattingius S, Knudsen L B
J Public Health Policy. 1993 Spring;14(1):82-90.
This study demonstrates that socioeconomic differences do exist in all three Scandinavian countries, and these differences have implications for perinatal and infant survival. Using parental education as a proxy for socioeconomic conditions, the association with perinatal survival seems to be stronger in Denmark and Norway than in Sweden. For postneonatal mortality the association is equally strong in the three countries. Data from one of the countries (Norway) demonstrates the joint importance of parental education, and the association with paternal education is equally strong as that with maternal education. If father and mother have the lowest level of education, their offspring has 50 to 80% higher perinatal and infant mortality risks. These observations call for further research into the association between social variables and health in order to tease out causal relationships which might lead to future preventive actions.
这项研究表明，社会经济差异在斯堪的纳维亚半岛的所有三个国家都确实存在，并且这些差异对围产期和婴儿存活率有影响。以父母的教育程度作为社会经济状况的指标，丹麦和挪威与围产期存活率的关联似乎比瑞典更强。对于新生儿期后的死亡率，这三个国家的关联程度相同。来自其中一个国家（挪威）的数据表明了父母教育程度的共同重要性，并且与父亲教育程度的关联与与母亲教育程度的关联同样强烈。如果父亲和母亲的教育程度最低，他们的后代围产期和婴儿死亡风险会高出50%至80%。这些观察结果需要进一步研究社会变量与健康之间的关联，以便梳理出可能导致未来预防行动的因果关系。
