Harada H, Kawano M M, Huang N, Harada Y, Iwato K, Tanabe O, Tanaka H, Sakai A, Asaoku H, Kuramoto A
Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Blood. 1993 May 15;81(10):2658-63.
We have recently shown that two-color analysis with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-anti-CD38 antibody could clearly distinguish myeloma cells (plasma cells) from other hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. Myeloma cells (plasma cells) alone were located at CD38strong positive (++) fractions. To further distinguish normal plasma cells from mature myeloma cells phenotypically, we examined immunophenotypes of normal plasma cells and myeloma cells by two-color flow cytometry with FITC-anti-CD38 antibody and phycoerythrin staining with antibody to VLA-4, MPC-1, CD44, CD56, CD19, CD20, CD24, or CD10. Normal plasma cells were all VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+CD44+ CD19+CD56- in the bone marrows from seven healthy donors, tonsils from four patients with chronic tonsillitis, a spleen from one patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and lymph nodes from two patients with chronic lymphadenitis, respectively. On the other hand, mature myeloma cells (12 of 20 cases), VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+, were all CD19- and most of them CD56+, and there were no myeloma cells with the CD19+CD56- phenotype in the 20 cases of myelomas we tested. Thus, as for the expression of CD19 and CD56, normal plasma cells from various tissues are all CD19+CD56-, whereas no myeloma cells have the CD19+CD56- phenotype. According to this finding, we investigated the expression of CD19 and CD56 on plasma cells (CD38++ fractions) in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Both CD19+CD56- and CD19-DC56+ plasma cells were found in all five cases of MGUS we tested, suggesting that MGUS consists of phenotypically normal plasma cells and myeloma cells. Therefore, it is reasoned that phenotypic analysis of plasma cells with anti-CD19 and anti-CD56 antibodies can distinguish normal plasma cells from malignant plasma cells (myeloma cells), and can detect malignant plasma cells even in MGUS or premyeloma states.
我们最近发现，用异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记的抗CD38抗体进行双色分析能够清晰地将骨髓瘤细胞（浆细胞）与骨髓中的其他造血细胞区分开来。单独的骨髓瘤细胞（浆细胞）位于CD38强阳性（++）区域。为了从表型上进一步区分正常浆细胞与成熟骨髓瘤细胞，我们采用FITC标记的抗CD38抗体和藻红蛋白标记的抗VLA-4、MPC-1、CD44、CD56、CD19、CD20、CD24或CD10抗体，通过双色流式细胞术检测正常浆细胞和骨髓瘤细胞的免疫表型。在分别来自7名健康供者的骨髓、4名慢性扁桃体炎患者的扁桃体、1名特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者的脾脏以及2名慢性淋巴结炎患者的淋巴结中，正常浆细胞均为VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+CD44+CD19+CD56-。另一方面，成熟骨髓瘤细胞（20例中的12例）VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+，均为CD19-，且大多数为CD56+，在我们检测的20例骨髓瘤中没有CD19+CD56-表型的骨髓瘤细胞。因此，就CD19和CD56的表达而言，来自各种组织的正常浆细胞均为CD19+CD56-，而没有骨髓瘤细胞具有CD19+CD56-表型。根据这一发现，我们研究了意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白病（MGUS）中浆细胞（CD38++区域）上CD19和CD56的表达。在我们检测的所有5例MGUS中均发现了CD19+CD56-和CD19-CD56+浆细胞，这表明MGUS由表型正常的浆细胞和骨髓瘤细胞组成。因此，可以推断，用抗CD19和抗CD56抗体对浆细胞进行表型分析能够区分正常浆细胞与恶性浆细胞（骨髓瘤细胞），甚至在MGUS或骨髓瘤前期状态下也能检测到恶性浆细胞。
