Bovens A M, Van Baak M A, Vrencken J G, Wijnen J A, Saris W H, Verstappen F T
Department of Human Biology, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993 May;25(5):572-6.
The association of physical activity and cardiovascular fitness with risk factors such as blood pressure, body composition, and smoking habits was evaluated in middle-aged men and women active in sports. Data were available for 2009 men and 898 women, all volunteers over 40 yr of age who were active in sports, were available. Physical activity was recorded as sport activity (number and type of sport, frequency, and duration), occupational activity, and the use of the bicycle for transport. Cardiovascular fitness was expressed as maximal power output (Wmax.kg-1) achieved during a progressive maximal cycle ergometer test. Pearson's product moment correlations between cardiovascular fitness and risk factors indicated significantly lower risks among more fit individuals. Except for smoking habits all risk factors showed better associations with fitness in women than in men. The association of physical activity indicators and risk factors was less strong than the fitness-risk factor association in both genders. In both genders, joggers had the most favorable risk profile compared with subjects who were active in one of the other four most popular sports. We conclude that in this relatively active and healthy population comparable associations of physical activity and cardiovascular fitness with risk factors for cardiovascular disease were found as in studies on less active populations.
对积极参与体育运动的中年男性和女性，评估了身体活动及心血管健康状况与诸如血压、身体成分和吸烟习惯等风险因素之间的关联。有2009名男性和898名女性的数据，他们均为40岁以上积极参与体育运动的志愿者。身体活动记录为体育活动（运动项目数量和类型、频率及持续时间）、职业活动以及使用自行车出行情况。心血管健康状况通过递增负荷最大运动试验中达到的最大功率输出（Wmax.kg-1）来表示。心血管健康状况与风险因素之间的Pearson积矩相关性表明，身体更健康的个体风险显著更低。除吸烟习惯外，所有风险因素在女性中与健康状况的关联均优于男性。身体活动指标与风险因素之间的关联在两性中均不如健康状况与风险因素之间的关联紧密。在两性中，与参与其他四项最流行运动之一的受试者相比，慢跑者的风险状况最为有利。我们得出结论，在这个相对积极健康的人群中，发现身体活动和心血管健康状况与心血管疾病风险因素之间的关联与对不太积极人群的研究结果相当。
