西班牙牛奶中的真菌菌群和产毒黄曲霉

Mycoflora and toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in Spanish milks.

作者信息

Jodral M, Liñan E, Acosta I, Gallego C, Rojas F, Bentabol A

机构信息

Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Facultad de Veterinaria, Spain.

出版信息

Int J Food Microbiol. 1993 Apr;18(2):171-4. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(93)90222-3.

DOI:10.1016/0168-1605(93)90222-3

PMID:8494684

Abstract

The isolation, enumeration and identification of moulds were carried out on 64 samples of raw milk and 33 of pasteurized milk. The genera most frequently isolated in the raw milk were: Geotrichum (76.5%), Fusarium (45.3%), and Aspergillus (31.2%). In pasteurized milk they were: Aspergillus (61.5%) followed by Fusarium and Penicillium (37.7% in both cases). A. flavus was found in 12 samples and 1 out of the strains examined produced aflatoxins in vitro. The effect of pasteurization of the milk on spores of A. parasiticus NRRL-2999 was examined. The presence of moulds in pasteurized milk seems to be explained by contamination during bottling.

摘要

对64份生乳样本和33份巴氏杀菌乳样本进行了霉菌的分离、计数和鉴定。生乳中最常分离出的菌属为：地霉属（76.5%）、镰刀菌属（45.3%）和曲霉属（31.2%）。巴氏杀菌乳中为：曲霉属（61.5%），其次是镰刀菌属和青霉属（两者均为37.7%）。在12份样本中发现了黄曲霉，在所检测的菌株中有1株在体外产生黄曲霉毒素。研究了牛奶巴氏杀菌对寄生曲霉NRRL - 2999孢子的影响。巴氏杀菌乳中霉菌的存在似乎可以用装瓶过程中的污染来解释。