Cochran A J, Bailly C, Paul E, Dolbeau D
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles Medical School 90024-1732.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 1993 Feb;10(1):3-17.
Cutaneous nevi are common lesions that develop by proliferation of melanocyte-derived cells. The majority develop as junction nevi from melanocytes at the epidermo-dermal junction. Cells from this proliferation pass into the underlying dermis forming compound nevi. Later junctional melanocytic activity ceases, leaving an intradermal nevus. A minority of nevi, mainly blue nevi, arise from intradermal melanocytes. Histological variants of melanocytic nevi exist and can be the source of difficult diagnostic problems. Nevi are important as clinical and histological simulators of cutaneous melanoma, as precursor lesions for melanoma (although the actual chance of malignant transformation of an individual nevus is low) and as cosmetic problems (mainly large congenital nevi). Cutaneous nevi are to be separated clinically and histologically from melanomas that are comprised of nevocyte-like cells (minimal deviation melanoma).
皮肤痣是由黑素细胞衍生细胞增殖形成的常见病变。大多数痣最初是由表皮-真皮交界处的黑素细胞形成的交界痣。这些增殖的细胞进入下方的真皮,形成复合痣。后来交界性黑素细胞活性停止,留下皮内痣。少数痣,主要是蓝痣,起源于真皮内的黑素细胞。黑素细胞痣存在组织学变异型,可能导致诊断难题。痣作为皮肤黑色素瘤的临床和组织学模拟物、黑色素瘤的前驱病变(尽管单个痣发生恶性转化的实际几率较低)以及美容问题(主要是大型先天性痣)都很重要。临床上和组织学上,皮肤痣要与由痣细胞样细胞组成的黑色素瘤(微小偏离性黑色素瘤)相区分。