Khan S R, Hackett R L
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0275.
J Urol. 1993 Jul;150(1):239-45. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)35454-x.
Human calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) urinary stones were decalcified by treatment with a mixture of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution and Karnovsky's fixative after embedding in bactoagar. Decalcified stones were examined by light microscopy, and also by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Stones had distinct nuclei that were occupied by amorphous or apatitic calcium phosphate or aggregates of spherulitic COM crystals. EDTA insoluble matrix was ubiquitous in stones and consisted largely of finely matted fibrous material. It was organized in concentric laminations in the peripheral area of the stone but appeared highly disorganized in the stone center. Crystals were replaced by crystal ghosts. Organic matrix was present both inside the crystals and in the intercrystalline spaces. The study indicates a very close association between crystals and organic matrix. The relationship appears to begin early in crystal formation and persists throughout the formative and growth phases of the urinary stones.
将人草酸钙一水合物（COM）尿结石包埋于细菌琼脂中后，用乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）溶液和卡诺夫斯基固定剂的混合物进行脱钙处理。脱钙后的结石通过光学显微镜以及扫描和透射电子显微镜进行检查。结石有明显的核心，这些核心被无定形或磷灰石磷酸钙或球晶状COM晶体聚集体占据。EDTA不溶性基质在结石中普遍存在，主要由精细交织的纤维材料组成。它在结石周边区域呈同心层状排列，但在结石中心显得高度无序。晶体被晶体空壳所取代。有机基质存在于晶体内部和晶间空间。该研究表明晶体与有机基质之间存在非常紧密的关联。这种关系似乎在晶体形成早期就开始，并在尿结石的形成和生长阶段持续存在。
