Cañellas M, Bosch F, Bassols A, Rué M, Baños J E
Servei d'Anestesiologia, Reanimació i Clínica del Dolor, Hospital de Sabadell, Consorci Hospitalari del Parc Tauli, Barcelona.
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 Jun 5;101(2):51-4.
There are few studies evaluating the presence of pain in hospitalized patients. Different authors have suggested interest in epidemiological studies to establish the characteristics of pain at a hospitalary level. The present study was initiated to determine the prevalence of pain in acute and chronic patients admitted to hospital and to establish the relation of the pain with the prescription of analgesics.
Pediatric, acute and chronic adult patients pertaining to a hospital in Sabadell (Barcelona) were included in the study. Patients from resuscitation, ICU, neonatology and the emergency wards were excluded. The variables studied were presence of pain and the existence of analgesic prescription. The first was determined by interview with the patient, while the second was obtained directly from the clinical history.
Fifty-five percent of the 217 adult patients with acute pathology manifest pain and in 45% of them total analgesics had been prescribed. The prevalence of pain was 61% among the 41 pediatric patients and 35% among the 98 adults with chronic disease. Prescription of analgesics was observed in 51 and 39%, respectively in the above groups of patients. The relation between the presence of pain and antialgic prescription was variable according to the groups. It must be emphasized that 50% of acute adult patients with pain did not have prescription of analgesics. Pain was present in all the pediatric patients with some analgesic prescribed. Sixty-eight percent of the chronic patients with prescribed analgesics also experienced pain.
The prevalence of pain in the hospital environment is high, not only in pediatric but also in adult and geriatric patients. The high number of patients who do not receive analgesics despite pain and those in whom the treatment does not totally eradicate the symptoms is of note. Analgesic therapy must acquire greater revelance in hospitalary assistance.
评估住院患者疼痛情况的研究较少。不同作者建议开展流行病学研究，以确定医院层面疼痛的特征。本研究旨在确定入院的急性和慢性患者的疼痛患病率，并确定疼痛与镇痛药处方之间的关系。
纳入了来自萨瓦德尔（巴塞罗那）一家医院的儿科、急性和慢性成年患者。排除复苏科、重症监护病房、新生儿科和急诊科的患者。研究的变量为疼痛的存在情况和镇痛药处方情况。前者通过与患者面谈确定，后者直接从临床病历中获取。
217例患有急性疾病的成年患者中，55%表示疼痛，其中45%的患者已开具了镇痛药。41例儿科患者中疼痛患病率为61%，98例成年慢性病患者中疼痛患病率为35%。上述两组患者中，镇痛药处方率分别为51%和39%。疼痛的存在与镇痛处方之间的关系因组别而异。必须强调的是，50%的成年急性疼痛患者未开具镇痛药。所有开具了某种镇痛药的儿科患者都存在疼痛。在开具了镇痛药的慢性患者中，68%也有疼痛。
医院环境中疼痛的患病率很高，不仅在儿科患者中如此，在成年和老年患者中也是如此。值得注意的是，有大量患者尽管疼痛却未接受镇痛药治疗，还有一些患者的治疗并未完全消除症状。镇痛治疗在医院护理中必须得到更大的重视。
