Lyons T J, Oates R K
Sydney University Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Children's Hospital, Camperdown, Australia.
Pediatrics. 1993 Jul;92(1):125-7.
To determine the likelihood of injuries occurring to infants and children who fall out of bed.
A review of hospital records where children were documented to have fallen from a crib or bed and where the children were immediately assessed and examined following the fall.
Two hundred seven children younger than 6 years of age. One hundred twenty-four falls were from cribs and 83 from beds. The heights of the falls were 25 inches from beds or 41 inches when the child climbed over the bed rails and then fell, and 32 inches from cribs or 54 inches for those who fell after climbing the crib rails.
There were 29 superficial injuries such as contusions or minor lacerations. One simple skull fracture was noted incidentally on skull roentgenogram and there was one fractured clavicle. There were no serious, multiple, visceral, or life-threatening injuries. Calculation of the momentum of impact between the injured and noninjured showed no significant difference.
Because falls from short distances are unlikely to produce serious injury, the reliability of the history should be questioned when a child has significant injuries said to have resulted from a short fall.
确定从床上摔落的婴幼儿受伤的可能性。
回顾医院记录，这些记录中有儿童从婴儿床或床上摔落的记载，且儿童在摔落后立即接受了评估和检查。
207名6岁以下儿童。其中124次摔落是从婴儿床摔落，83次是从床上摔落。从床上摔落的高度为25英寸，若儿童翻越床栏后摔落则为41英寸；从婴儿床摔落的高度为32英寸，翻越婴儿床栏后摔落的高度为54英寸。
有29例表浅损伤，如挫伤或轻度撕裂伤。颅骨X线片偶然发现1例单纯颅骨骨折，1例锁骨骨折。无严重、多发、内脏或危及生命的损伤。受伤儿童与未受伤儿童撞击动量的计算结果无显著差异。
由于短距离摔落不太可能造成严重伤害，当儿童称因短距离摔落而受重伤时，病史的可靠性值得怀疑。
