Managing the implementation of a pharmacy information system.

The stages by which a pharmacy information system should be implemented are described. Implementation can be divided into three stages. The first stage is preimplementation, during which the hardware vendor installs and configures the operating system, the software is installed, the site is prepared, files are built, policies and procedures are modified or written, staff members are trained, functions or programs are tested, and supplies are purchased. The second stage is implementation, in which the new system becomes operational and is expanded. There are four basic implementation strategies: abrupt switchover, parallel conversion, conversion of one location at a time, and conversion of functions or modules in stages. The final stage is postimplementation, which consists of testing of the system, acceptance or rejection of the system, and the institution of quality control procedures. The acceptance criteria should be developed before the system is purchased. It is important to involve the pharmacy staff and other hospital departments in the planning for an information system. Careful management before, during, and after the implementation of a new pharmacy information system is essential to a smooth and timely conversion.