从沿海沉积物中分离出的酵母对多环芳烃的生物转化作用。
Biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by yeasts isolated from coastal sediments.
作者信息
MacGillivray A R, Shiaris M P
机构信息
Environmental Sciences Program, University of Massachusetts, Boston 02125.
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 May;59(5):1613-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.59.5.1613-1618.1993.
Abstract
Yeast abundance in the sediments of 13 coastal sites in Massachusetts was quantified, and the potential of yeast isolates to biotransform polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined. Plate counts of yeasts varied between 10(2) to 10(7) CFU g (dry weight) of sediment-1. The most abundant genera isolated and identified included Candida, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula, Torulopsis, and Trichosporon. More than 50% of the isolates from heavily contaminated sites transformed phenanthrene, as determined by spray-plate screening. The plate counts of phenanthrene-transforming yeasts correlated significantly to the sediment concentrations of phenanthrene. Transformation of [9-14C]phenanthrene and [12-14C]benz[a]anthracene by individual isolates varied greatly, ranging from 0.15 to 8.15 mumol of PAH g-1 in 120-h incubations. Of the isolated yeasts, Trichosporon penicillatum exhibited the greatest capacity for phenanthrene transformation. The ability to transform PAHs appears to be widespread among yeasts in coastal sediments.
摘要
对马萨诸塞州13个沿海地点沉积物中的酵母丰度进行了量化，并测定了酵母分离株对多环芳烃（PAHs）进行生物转化的潜力。酵母平板计数在每克沉积物干重10(2)至10(7)CFU之间变化。分离和鉴定出的最丰富的属包括假丝酵母属、隐球菌属、红酵母属、球拟酵母属和丝孢酵母属。通过喷雾平板筛选确定，来自重度污染地点的分离株中超过50%能转化菲。菲转化酵母的平板计数与沉积物中菲的浓度显著相关。单个分离株对[9-14C]菲和[12-14C]苯并[a]蒽的转化差异很大，在120小时培养中，PAH转化量为每克0.15至8.15 μmol。在分离出的酵母中，青霉状丝孢酵母对菲的转化能力最强。在沿海沉积物的酵母中，PAH转化能力似乎很普遍。
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