Preston N W
Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical School, Manchester.
Epidemiol Infect. 1993 Jun;110(3):489-97. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800050913.
Cholera vibrios can be allocated to one of three biotypes (classical, intermediate and El Tor), each of which can be sub-divided into two serotypes (Ogawa and Inaba). Vibriocidal tests with absorbed antisera have shown no evidence of biotype specificity in the killing of bacteria, but they have confirmed the role of the two serotype-specific antigens in immunity to cholera. The same presence of serotype specificity, and absence of biotype specificity, has been found by bacterial agglutination, an easier and quicker serological test. The use of this simpler test in ensuring a balanced serotype response to cholera vaccine is discussed, together with evidence that may lead to the production of more effective vaccine and better immunity.
霍乱弧菌可分为三种生物型(古典生物型、中间生物型和埃尔托生物型)中的一种,每种生物型又可细分为两种血清型(小川型和稻叶型)。用吸收后的抗血清进行的杀弧菌试验表明,在杀灭细菌方面没有生物型特异性的证据,但证实了两种血清型特异性抗原在霍乱免疫中的作用。通过细菌凝集试验(一种更简便快捷的血清学检测方法)也发现了血清型特异性的存在以及生物型特异性的缺失。本文讨论了使用这种更简单的检测方法来确保对霍乱疫苗产生平衡的血清型反应,以及可能有助于生产更有效疫苗和产生更好免疫力的证据。