Ihle J N
Department of Biochemistry, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101, USA.
Semin Immunol. 1995 Aug;7(4):247-54. doi: 10.1006/smim.1995.0029.
Cytokines regulate cellular functions through their interaction with members of the cytokine receptor superfamily. These receptors couple ligand binding to induction of tyrosine phosphorylation through their association with the Janus protein tyrosine kinases (Jaks). Receptor dimerization induces Jak homo- or hetero-associations, autophosphorylation and activation of Jak catalytic activity. The activated Jaks are hypothesized to phosphorylate the receptors as well as a number of proteins involved in cellular signaling including SHC, the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase, Vav and members of the Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (Stats) family of transcription factors. Receptor phosphorylation also allows association of hematopoietic cell phosphatase with the receptor complex, resulting in its down-regulation. Receptor mutants have allowed the identification of specific domains that are required for each function and their correlation with biological responses.
细胞因子通过与细胞因子受体超家族成员相互作用来调节细胞功能。这些受体通过与Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶（Jaks）结合，将配体结合与酪氨酸磷酸化的诱导偶联起来。受体二聚化诱导Jak的同源或异源缔合、自磷酸化以及Jak催化活性的激活。据推测，活化的Jaks会使受体以及许多参与细胞信号传导的蛋白质磷酸化，这些蛋白质包括SHC、PI 3激酶的p85亚基、Vav以及转录因子信号转导和转录激活因子（Stats）家族的成员。受体磷酸化还允许造血细胞磷酸酶与受体复合物结合，从而导致其下调。受体突变体有助于确定每种功能所需的特定结构域及其与生物学反应的相关性。
