Aronchick J M, Miller W T
Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
J Thorac Imaging. 1995 Winter;10(4):255-67.
Bronchiectasis is characterized by irreversible dilatation of the airways. Associated with a variety of underlying disorders, the common pathway for the development of bronchiectasis is chronic or recurrent infection. Bronchiectasis can occur in the normal host after a bout of severe infection or bronchial obstruction. Currently, it is more commonly seen in patients with abnormal host defenses including impaired clearance of secretions and disorders of cellular and humoral immunity. Historically, bronchography has been the imaging tool used for the evaluation of bronchiectasis. This procedure has been replaced by high resolution computed tomography, which is currently the modality of choice for imaging patients with bronchiectasis.
支气管扩张症的特征是气道不可逆扩张。它与多种潜在疾病相关，支气管扩张症发展的共同途径是慢性或反复感染。在经历一次严重感染或支气管阻塞后，正常宿主也可能发生支气管扩张症。目前，它更常见于宿主防御功能异常的患者，包括分泌物清除受损以及细胞免疫和体液免疫紊乱。历史上，支气管造影一直是用于评估支气管扩张症的影像学工具。该检查已被高分辨率计算机断层扫描所取代，高分辨率计算机断层扫描目前是支气管扩张症患者成像的首选方式。
