Dittberner U, Eisenbrand G, Zankl H
Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Mutat Res. 1995 Dec;335(3):259-65. doi: 10.1016/0165-1161(95)00029-1.
The genotoxic effects of the 2-alkenals crotonaldehyde, 2-trans-hexenal and 2-trans-6-cis-nonadienal were studied by cytogenetic methods, analyzing frequencies of sister-chromatid-exchanges, numerical and structural chromosome aberrations and micronucleus induction in human blood lymphocytes and cells of the permanent Namalva line. Crotonaldehyde and hexenal were tested in concentrations of 5 microM to 250 microM and nonadienal from 5 microM to 70 microM. Significant dose-related increases of sister-chromatid-exchanges and micronuclei were found for all three compounds. Structural chromosomal aberrations were significantly increased only by crotonaldehyde, but not by hexenal and nonadienal. In contrast numerical chromosome aberrations were not induced by crotonaldehyde whereas hexenal and nonadienal were potent inducers of aneuploidy. The micronuclei were classified by using a centromere-specific DNA probe in a fluorescence in situ hybridization assay. Hexenal and nonadienal increased the percentage of centromere-positive micronuclei, nonadienal being considerably more potent than hexenal. From these results it was concluded that crotonaldehyde acts more as a clastogen whereas hexenal and nonadienal preferentially show aneugenic effects.
采用细胞遗传学方法，通过分析人血淋巴细胞和永生化Namalva细胞系中的姐妹染色单体交换频率、染色体数目和结构畸变以及微核诱导情况，研究了2-烯醛巴豆醛、反式-2-己烯醛和顺,反-2,6-壬二烯醛的遗传毒性作用。巴豆醛和己烯醛的测试浓度为5微摩尔/升至250微摩尔/升，壬二烯醛的测试浓度为5微摩尔/升至70微摩尔/升。发现所有三种化合物的姐妹染色单体交换和微核均有显著的剂量相关增加。仅巴豆醛可显著增加结构染色体畸变，己烯醛和壬二烯醛则无此作用。相反，巴豆醛未诱导染色体数目畸变，而己烯醛和壬二烯醛是有效的非整倍体诱导剂。在荧光原位杂交试验中，使用着丝粒特异性DNA探针区分微核。己烯醛和壬二烯醛增加了着丝粒阳性微核的百分比，壬二烯醛的作用明显强于己烯醛。由此得出结论，巴豆醛更多地表现为断裂剂，而己烯醛和壬二烯醛则优先表现为非整倍体效应。
