Factors predicting the risk of relapse after antiepileptic drug discontinuation in children with partial seizures.

The purpose of this study is to identify possible factors which could influence the seizure recurrence after anti-epileptic drug (AED) withdrawal in children with partial epilepsy. AED was discontinued in 82 children who had been free of partial epileptic seizures for 2.0-11.0 years (mean 4.7 years). Twenty-four patients (29.3%) had a relapse from a few days to 6.1 years (mean 1.2 years) after AED discontinuation. Significantly more common in children who relapsed were: younger age at beginning of AED withdrawal, occurrence of complicated febrile convulsions (5/24 vs 1/58, P < 0.01), abnormal neurological examination (8/24 vs 8/58, P < 0.05), delayed psychomotor development (7/24 vs 7/58, P < 0.05), focal slowing (6/24 vs 3/58, P < 0.01) and focal epilepti-form discharges (7/24 vs 6/58, P < 0.05) in the last EEG before AED discontinuation. Between the two groups no statistical significant differences concerning the age at onset of seizures, the duration at AED therapy after the last seizure, the familial occurrence of epilepsy and background EEG abnormalities in the last EEG before AED discontinuation were found. On the basis of EEG, occurrence of febrile convulsions, and neurological and developmental examination it may be possible to predict which children have the best chance to remain free of recurrence after AED discontinuation.