Fendrich M, Mackesy-Amiti M E, Goldstein P, Spunt B, Brownstein H
Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612, USA.
Int J Addict. 1995 Sep;30(11):1363-82. doi: 10.3109/10826089509055838.
We evaluated substance involvement among incarcerated juvenile offenders convicted of murder of manslaughter. Patterns of substance involvement among juvenile offenders were compared with patterns found in older offenders. Irrespective of age group, close to one-third of all homicide perpetrators reported that they were affected by alcohol prior to the offense. In every age group, alcohol was the substance showing the highest rate of "regular" lifetime use and the highest rate of ingestion in the week preceding the homicide. In many respects, the reported substance use patterns in the 16-17-year-old age group were closer to the patterns demonstrated by the oldest (36+) age group than they were to the adjacent 18-20-year-old group. Juvenile offenders were generally less substance involved than all but the oldest group of offenders. Almost all of the juveniles who were substance involved prior to the homicide attributed the homicide to the effects of those substances. Narrative accounts suggest that substances (almost always alcohol) escalated impulsive, spontaneous violent outbursts. Implications for the interpretation of self-reports about substance use provided by murderers are also discussed.
我们评估了因谋杀或 manslaughter（此处可能有误，推测为“过失杀人”）而被监禁的青少年罪犯的药物使用情况。将青少年罪犯的药物使用模式与成年罪犯的模式进行了比较。无论年龄组如何，近三分之一的所有杀人罪犯报告称，他们在犯罪前受到了酒精的影响。在每个年龄组中，酒精都是“经常”终身使用比例最高以及在杀人前一周摄入比例最高的物质。在许多方面，16 - 17岁年龄组报告的药物使用模式与最年长（36岁以上）年龄组所显示的模式更为接近，而不是与相邻的18 - 20岁年龄组。除了最年长的罪犯群体外，青少年罪犯通常药物使用情况较少。几乎所有在杀人前有药物使用情况的青少年都将杀人归因于这些药物的影响。叙述性记录表明，药物（几乎总是酒精）加剧了冲动、自发的暴力爆发。还讨论了对杀人犯提供的关于药物使用自我报告的解释的影响。
