Yarvis R M
University of California School of Medicine, Davis.
Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 1994;22(1):133-44.
A series of 100 murderers was examined to discern patterns of substance abuse and intoxication in relation to homicidal events. More than half of the study subjects were found to be actively abusing drugs at the time of their crime, and almost half were intoxicated. Alcohol was the drug most often abused. Demographic and other discriminating factors were utilized to examine the hypothesis that murderers do not constitute a homogeneous population and that subgroups differ in their abuse patterns. Cluster analytic techniques were applied to the study population. Utilizing a set of 13 proximate causal factors, a typology of seven distinct homicide profiles was created. Two of the seven profiles exhibited extremely high abuse and intoxication rates, three others intermediate rates, and two profiles very low rates. Moreover, different substances were prime offenders in different profiles. These findings demonstrate that substance abuse is an important etiological contributor in some types of murderer but not in all types.
对100名杀人犯进行了一系列调查，以辨别与杀人事件相关的药物滥用和中毒模式。研究发现，超过一半的研究对象在犯罪时正在积极滥用药物，近一半处于中毒状态。酒精是最常被滥用的药物。利用人口统计学和其他区分因素来检验这一假设，即杀人犯并非同质化群体，不同亚组的滥用模式存在差异。聚类分析技术应用于研究人群。利用一组13个直接因果因素，创建了七种不同杀人特征的类型学。七种特征中的两种显示出极高的滥用和中毒率，另外三种为中等率，两种特征的比率非常低。此外，不同的物质在不同的特征中是主要的罪魁祸首。这些发现表明，药物滥用在某些类型的杀人犯中是一个重要的病因因素，但并非在所有类型中都是如此。
